Blogs
What is the Best Coal for Coke Making
Table of ContentsCharacteristics Desired in Coke – ChemicalBlast-Furnace CokeFoundry CokeDomestic CokeWater-Gas CokeCharacteristics Desired in Coke – PhysicalHow to Select Coke making CoalsChemical AnalysisRankGradePetrographic AnalysisDirect Determination of the Coke-Making PropertyPlastic PropertiesMethods of Making Plasticity TestsDetermination of Expansion of Coal During CokingSummary and Conclusions Selection of a suitable coal or coals for the manufacture of coke of desired quality with due consideration
Rare-Earth Elements Electronegativity
Table of ContentsResultsDiscussion The rare-earth metals can be fitted into Pauling’s electronegativity scale if it is modified to take highly ionic bonds into account. Good agreement between theory and experiment is obtained only for metals of groups Ia, Ila, and IIIa of the periodic table, but here it is good enough to permit estimation of unknown heats of formation. For
CUTTING MILL
Table of ContentsHigh Capacity Variable Speed Cutting MillMethod of operation GrindingOperator & Safety FriendlyBenefits and applicationsBottom sievesFeatures and BenefitsApplicationsParticle Extraction EquipmentBottom sieves of various sizes Rotor and Stator knivesLaboratory Cutting MillFeatures and BenefitsVariable Speed Cutting MillApplications for what a Cutting Mill used for Before VS After Examples of Grinding with a Cutting MillCutting Mill SpecificationRotary Knife MillFeatures & BenefitsApplicationsRotary Knife Mill Method of Operation GrindingPractical, Convenient
Screw conveyor
The screw conveyor consists of a spiral blade attached to a shaft which revolves in a horizontal or inclined trough. Material fed into one end of the trough is pushed toward the other end by the rotating spiral. The shaft is mounted on bearings at each end and also in the middle, if the conveyor is long. Spirals used for
Bucket Elevators
Table of ContentsBucket Elevator ConveyorBucket Elevator ManufacturersChain Bucket ElevatorIndustrial Bucket ElevatorsBucket Elevator for SaleBucket Belt ElevatorBucket LifterHow to Size a Bucket ElevatorReplacement BucketsBucket Elevator Cost Bucket elevators are used for the elevation of dry or pulped ore. They consist of an endless chain or belt carrying the buckets vertically or at a steep angle. On reaching the top pulley they should
Mining Consultants List
Table of ContentsTop Mining ConsultantsMining Engineering Consultants Mining consultants play a major role in the feasibility, planning, design and construction, operation and improvement of both small and large mines. Consultants are experienced design engineers, mine designers, operating specialists or maintenance engineers who operate independently of operating mines. They are available to work on: mineral exploration projects, where start-up companies have not
Descriptions of Steel & Alloys Compositions
We like to inform you with the composition of the different steels and other materials used in the manufacturing of grinding barrels to help you choose the most suitable ones for your operations. Alloy 2: This steel is recommended in applications where molybdenum interferes in the analysis of the material that will be ground as it is the case in
How to Analyze Titanium Metal – Assaying
Table of ContentsChemical MethodsIron Reduction MethodSummaryReagentsProcedureNotesCalculationPrecision and AccuracyLead Reduction MethodSummaryReagentsProcedureNotesCalculationPrecision and AccuracyOptical Emission Spectrochemical InvestigationFluorescent X-Ray Spectrographic MethodSummaryInstruments and AccessoriesPreparation of StandardsPreparation of SamplesProceduresRatio TechniqueCount TechniquePrecision and AccuracyDiscussion The results of investigative work on chemical, optical emission spectrochemical, and X-ray spectrographic methods were presented. Of the two chemical methods studied, the iron reduction method is superior in both time required
Titanium-Vanadium Zirconium Alloys
Table of ContentsMaterials and Experimental ProceduresResults and Discussion A titanium alloy containing 10 a/o vanadium and 10 a/o zirconium has potential strength and heat treatability that merits further investigation. The titanium-10vanadium-10zirconium alloy, solution-treated at 600° C. is relatively sort, having a yield strength of 73,800 p.s.i. Aging 4 hours at 450° C. strengthens the alloy to a yield strength of
Improve Titanium Sponge Quality
Table of ContentsDescription of ProcessPurification of TICl4Reduction of Purified TiCl4Byproduct Removal from Crude Titanium ChipsSummary of OperationSources and Effects of ImpuritiesRemoval of Atmospheric Contaminants from TiCl4Theoretical Aspects of DegassingDegassing MethodRaising Sulfiding TemperatureDegassing TiCl4 With Helium or ArgonResults of Degassing TestsInstruments for Analyzing Purity of TiCl4Prevention of Atmospheric Contaminants in Reduction OperationRemoval of Atmospheric Contaminants in Vacuum Distillation OperationMinimizing Moisture Contamination
Brown Iron Ore Mining
Table of ContentsProspecting and ExplorationMining and ProcessingTransportationProduction Rates and Percentage of ExtractionSawyer MineFore MineMine DrainageWages Operatives and EquipmentMarketing Ores Most brown-iron deposits of southern Missouri occur in residual materials resting on Jefferson City dolomite, Roubidoux sandstone, or Gasconade dolomite, all of the Ordovician system (see table 1). The residual materials, which consist mainly of clay, chert, and iron oxides, are
Titanium Vanadium Cobalt Alloys
Table of ContentsMaterials and Experimental ProceduresResults and Discussion Results of the study of titanium binary and ternary alloys containing vanadium and cobalt show that: Vanadium additions up to 16 weight-percent were insufficient to completely retain beta on water-quenching. Cobalt additions up to 4 weight-percent do not affect retention of the beta phase on water quenching Ti-V-Co alloys containing up to
How to Prepare High Purity Yttrium
Table of ContentsTheoretical ConsiderationsExperimental Procedures and ResultsChlorinationReductionLithium analysisMetal AnalysisMechanical Working This report does not constitute a finished investigation. Its purpose is to report on the status of current reduction studies and to demonstrate that high-purity ductile yttrium metal can be prepared by metallic reduction of yttrium chloride. Although both lithium and sodium have proved to be effective reductants, no conclusions
Phosphate Rock Properties
Table of ContentsElemental PhosphorusProperties and UsesManufacture of PhosphorusRaw Materials and Preparation of Furnace ChargeOperating StepsPhosphorus Recovery and CostByproductsDomestic ProductionPhosphoric AcidProperties of Phosphate RocksManufacture of Phosphoric Acid From Elemental PhosphorusEstimated Cost of ProductionManufacture of Phosphoric Acid by the Wet ProcessByproductsGypsumFluorine ProductsVanadiumUraniumEstimated Cost of ProductionDomestic Production of Phosphoric AcidPhosphatic FertilizersWater-Soluble PhosphatesNormal SuperphosphateConcentrated SuperphosphateAmmoniated SuperphosphatePhosphate-Nitrate FertilizersLiquid FertilizersCitrate-Soluble or Available PhosphatesMetaphosphatesDicalcium PhosphateDefluorinated and Fused
Nitric Acid Oxidation Rates of Coal
Table of ContentsExperimental WorkDescription of MethodSamplesResultsApplication of Standard Method To Selected CoalsApplication of Standard Method To Selected CokesApplication of Standard Method to Selected PlasticsApplication of Various Modifications of Standard Method to Selected Coals and Cokes Coals ranging in rank from lignite to anthracite, cokes carbonized at temperatures ranging from 520° to 1,180° C., and synthetic polymers have been oxidized by
How to Process Gold Ores by Heap Leaching & Carbon Adsorption Methods
Table of ContentsChemistry of CyanidationMineralogy of Gold OresGold Leaching Amenability TestingCyanide Heap-Leach OperationsGold-Silver Recovery From Process SolutionsEconomics of Heap-Leach OperationsCyanide Handling and DisposalRecent Innovations in Gold-Silver Recovery from Cyanide Process Solutions The heap leach cyanidation carbon adsorption electrowinning process developed has proved to be an economical method for exploiting low-grade gold ores and small isolated deposits not suitable for treatment
Sodium Chloride in Explosives
Table of ContentsProcedureValidity of the Up-and-Down MethodEffect of Quantity of Sodium ChlorideEffect of Particle Size of Sodium Chloride Based on the analysis of the W50 values of 65 permissible-type formulations, with and without added sodium chloride of various particle sizes, it was concluded that: The addition of sodium chloride to an explosive has a highly significant effect in reducing its
Determining Lime Magnesia and Titania in Slags
Table of ContentsPreliminary Treatment of SampleProcedure AStep 1-AStep 2-AStep 3-AProcedure BStep 1-BDetermination of Lime (CaO)Reagents RequiredTitration ProcedureDetermination Of Magnesia (MgO)Reagents RequiredTitration ProcedureStandardization of Edta Titrating SolutionDetermination of Titania (TiO2)Discussion of ResultsConclusions Standard methods of analysis for calcium and magnesium are involved and time consuming and generally require considerable analytical skill. Investigation of possible alternatives more suitable for rapid routine application
Vacuum Distillation – Remove Volatile Metals
Table of ContentsVolatility of Metals and AlloysExperimental ProcedureExperiments on Comparative Behavior of Volatile MetalsDistillation of Cadmium from Lead and TinDistillation of Magnesium from Lead and TinDistillation of Lead from Tin The rate of evaporation of a volatile metal from a metallic solution containing less volatile metals is determined by its partial pressure and its diffusivity. The concentration of a volatile
How to Reduce Titanium Tetrachloride
Table of ContentsTheoretical AspectsReduction of Titanium Tetrachloride With SodiumHigh-Surface SodiumPractical ConsiderationsApparatusTitanium Tetrachloride SystemSodium SystemReactorHeat-Exchange SystemProduct-Discharge MechanismMaterials for ReductionExperimental ProcedureAnalytical MethodsResults and Discussion This investigation has demonstrated that finely divided titanium metal, titanium lower chlorides, or a mixture thereof can be produced at a temperature between 105° and 205° C. in a continuous operation. The relative quantities of metallic titanium and
Hot Potassium Carbonate Absorption
Table of ContentsRates of AbsorptionEquilibrium DataSolubility of Gases in Hot Carbonate SolutionCorrosionPilot-Plant OperationEquipmentPilot-Plant ResultsTypical Data With Various Feed GasesDegree of Removal of Carbon Dioxide and Hydrogen SulfideConcentration of Hydrogen Sulfide and Carbon Dioxide Along the AbsorberRemoval of Carbonyl SulfideSelective or Final Hydrogen Sulfide Removal Hot carbonate purification will remove hydrogen sulfide from gas mixtures of low or high concentration of
Smelting Unfired Iron Ore Pellets
Table of ContentsPreparation of PelletsExperimental Smelting OperationExperimental ResultsIndustrial Application Fines and concentrates must be consolidated or agglomerated into larger masses before they can be smelted in a commercial blast furnace. Such agglomeration is usually done by sintering, pelletizing, nodulizing, or briquetting. Sintering has been the more common practice, but with the advent of taconite concentrates pelletizing is increasing in importance.
Pressure Leaching of Uranium
Table of ContentsMill DescriptionAir Oxidation StudiesStudy of Chemical OxidantsOxidation-Reduction Theory for Alkaline PulpsResults Obtained in First Plant Tests Early studies in the carbonate leaching of uranium ores led to the investigation of pressure leaching as a method to enhance the dissolution of the metal values in this system. The initial investigations conducted at the University of British Columbia supplemented by
Improve Hydraulic Backfill Characteristics with Flocculants
Table of ContentsLaboratory Investigation of Fl0cculantsGeneral Discussion of FlocculationDefinitionsNature of the TailingsExperimental ProcedureSelection of ReagentsDiscussion of Test ResultsSettling and Percolation RatesEffects of Flocculation and Agitation on Pulp Behavior Two practical methods for controlling the physical properties of mill tailings for underground stope backfill may be used. The first is classification to remove objectionably fine size fractions, and is commonly employed.